Chemotherapy Biotherapy Certification ONS Practice Testq

Which types of cancers are commonly treated with concurrent chemotherapy and radiation?

1. Breast, lung, and kidney

2. GI, head and neck, prostate

3. Liver, pancreatic, and bladder

4. Skin, thyroid, and brain

The correct answer is: GI, head and neck, prostate

Concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy is a treatment approach often used for certain types of cancers to enhance the effectiveness of treatment. The correct answer focuses on gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, head and neck cancers, and prostate cancer, all of which are known to benefit significantly from this combined modality. In GI cancers, such as esophageal or rectal cancer, the combination of chemotherapy and radiation can help to shrink tumors before surgery (neoadjuvant therapy) or improve local control when used after surgery (adjuvant therapy). This dual approach increases the chances of eliminating cancer cells more effectively than either treatment alone. Head and neck cancers also respond well to this combination, as chemotherapy can enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiation, potentially improving outcomes and reducing recurrence rates. Similarly, this strategy is applied in prostate cancer treatment, particularly in cases where there is a higher risk of recurrence or aggressive disease characteristics. Other types of cancers mentioned in the incorrect options, such as breast or lung cancer, may utilize chemotherapy and radiation together but not as commonly or in the same synergistic manner as those listed in the correct choice. Each cancer type has specific treatment protocols based on its behavior, stage, and location, which determine the appropriateness of combining chemotherapy and radiation.